Coabitação durante a pandemia de covid-19: a experiência de casais jovens adultos / Cohabitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: the experience of young adult couples / La cohabitación en el transcurso de la pandemia del covid-19: la experiencia de parejas jóvenes adultas / Cohabitation pendant la pandemie de COVID-19: l'expérience de jeunes couples adultes

Resumo Este estudo qualitativo visou compreender a experiência de oito casais de adultos jovens em coabitação durante a pandemia de covid-19 e as repercussões do período na vida conjugal. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, seis presenciais e duas online, com casais heterossexuais, sem filhos, que coabitavam há menos de três anos. A análise temática reflexiva gerou três temas: desafios e dificuldades na pandemia; aproximação entre o casal; ganhos e aprendizados. Níveis aumentados de estresse, insegurança e ansiedade, sensação de sobrecarga e de privação devido às medidas de distanciamento social, dificuldades na delimitação dos espaços individuais dentro de casa e aumento nos conflitos conjugais foram os principais desafios relatados. Apesar disso, o enfrentamento colaborativo resultou em maior intimidade e no fortalecimento do vínculo conjugal, aumentando o compromisso com a relação. Tais resultados ilustram como um contexto pandêmico pode impactar relacionamentos durante o início da coabitação.

Abstract This qualitative study investigated the cohabitation experience of eight young adult couples during in the pandemic and its repercussions on marital life. Semi structured interviews were conducted, six in-person and two online, with childfree heterosexual couples living together for less than three years. The reflexive thematic analysis generated three themes: pandemic-related challenges and difficulties, couple bonding, gains and learnings. Increased levels of stress, insecurity and anxiety, a sense of of overload and deprivation due to social distancing measures, difficulties in delimiting individual spaces within the home and an increase in marital conflicts were the main challenges reported. Conversely, the ability to collaboratively cope with these challenges resulted in more intimacy and strengthened the marital bond, generating greater couple commitment. These findings illustrate how pandemics can impact relationships during the beginning of cohabitation.

Resumen Este estudio cualitativo tuvo como objetivo comprender las experiencias de ocho parejas de adultos jóvenes en cohabitación en el transcurso de la pandemia del covid-19 y sus repercusiones en la vida conyugal. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, seis presenciales y dos en línea, con parejas heterosexuales, sin hijos, que vivían en cohabitación hace menos de tres años. El análisis temático reflexivo generó tres temas: desafíos y dificultades en la pandemia, acercamiento entre la pareja, conquistas y aprendizajes. El aumento de los niveles de estrés, inseguridad y ansiedad, los sentimientos de sobrecarga y privación por las medidas de distanciamiento social, las dificultades para delimitar los espacios individuales dentro del hogar y el aumento de los conflictos conyugales fueron los principales desafíos informados. Además, afrontar estos desafíos de forma colaborativa redundó en mayor intimidad y en el fortalecimiento del vínculo conyugal, repercutiendo en el aumento del compromiso con la relación. Estos resultados muestran cómo el contexto pandémico puede impactar el comienzo de la convivencia de las relaciones de pareja.

Résumé Cette étude qualitative a examiné l'expérience de cohabitation de huit jeunes couples adultes pendant la pandémie et ses répercussions sur la vie conjugale. Des entretiens semi-directifs ont été réalisés, six face-à-face et deux en ligne, auprès de couples hétérosexuels sans enfants vivant ensemble depuis moins de trois ans. L'analyse thématique réflexive a dégagé trois thèmes: les défis et difficultés liés à la pandémie, le lien du couple, les acquis et les enseignements. Des niveaux accrus de stress, d'insécurité et d'anxiété, des sentiments de surcharge et de privation dus aux mesures de distanciation sociale, des difficultés à délimiter les espaces individuels chez eux et une augmentation des conflits conjugaux sont les principaux défis signalés. Cependant, la capacité à faire face ensemble à ces défis a permis d'accroître l'intimité et de renforcer le lien conjugal, générant ainsi un plus grand engagement du couple. Ces résultats illustrent l'impact que les pandémies peuvent avoir sur les relations au début de la cohabitation.

Money management over the course of marriage: Parenthood, employment and household financial organization in Japan.

In Japan, differentiated gender expectations are strongly emphasized and Japanese wives shoulder the majority of the domestic work. Although previous research has examined the gendered division of paid and unpaid work in Japan, much less attention has been paid to household money management patterns among Japanese couples. Traditionally, Japanese women do the household financial organization, regardless of their employment status. Husbands transfer all of their income and other earnings to their wives and receive a monthly allowance as pocket money. We use data from the Japanese Panel Survey of Consumers (JPSC), 1994-2019 waves, to construct fixed-effect models to investigate how parenthood, wife's employment and husband's relative income are associated with different money management systems in Japan. Our findings show that parenthood is positively associated with female money management systems, whereas in dual-earner couples, women are less likely to manage household money. The results suggest that female money management in Japan is positioned as part of the package of wife / mother / homemaker roles and is a "female" task rather than "male". The results also show that the applicability of Western money management typologies and theoretical frameworks is limited for the Japanese context.

Gender, Relationship Concerns, and Intimate Partner Violence in Young Adulthood.

Purpose: Few studies have examined gender-specific concerns within intimate relationships that may be associated with conflict escalation and intimate partner violence (IPV). While prior theorizing has emphasized issues such as men's feelings of jealousy, the role of concerns and conflict related to men's actions has not been as thoroughly investigated. We draw on the life course perspective as background for assessing conflict areas related to men's and women's actions during the young adult period, and subsequently the association between such concerns and the odds of reporting IPV in a current/most recent relationship. Method: Building on a longitudinal data set focused on a large, diverse sample (Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study, n = 904), we administered surveys that assessed whether disagreements about potential conflict areas-including but not limited to infidelity-related to male or female partner's actions. Results: Concerns about women's and men's actions were both related to the odds of reporting IPV experience, but disagreements about male partners' actions during young adulthood were actually more common, and relative to concerns about women's actions, more strongly associated with IPV. Conclusions: Research and programmatic efforts should give additional attention to specific areas around which couples' disagreements develop and conflicts sometimes escalate. A dyadic approach adds to the frequent emphasis on emotion management and control that center primarily on one partner's problematic relationship style-thus addressing the 'form' but not the 'content' of intimate partner conflicts. This approach would highlight a broader range of relationship dynamics than are currently included in theorizing and applied efforts.

Impact of Sumadhur intervention on fertility and family planning decision-making norms: a mixed methods study.

BACKGROUND: Mindful of social norms shaping health among women pressured to prove early fertility in Nepal, a bi-national research team developed and piloted a 4-month intervention engaging household triads (newly married women, their husbands, and mothers-in-law) toward advancing gender equity, personal agency, and reproductive health. This study evaluates the impact on family planning and fertility decision-making. METHODS: In 2021, Sumadhur was piloted in six villages with 30 household triads (90 participants). Pre/post surveys of all participants were analyzed using paired sample nonparametric tests and in-depth interviews with a subset of 45 participants were transcribed and analyzed thematically. RESULTS: Sumadhur significantly impacted (p < .05) norms related to pregnancy spacing and timing, and sex preference of children, as well as knowledge about family planning benefits, pregnancy prevention methods, and abortion legality. Family planning intent also increased among newly married women. Qualitative findings revealed improved family dynamics and gender equity, and shed light on remaining challenges. CONCLUSIONS: Entrenched social norms surrounding fertility and family planning contrasted with participants' personal beliefs, highlighting needed community-level shifts to improve reproductive health in Nepal. Engagement of influential community- and family-members is key to improving norms and reproductive health. Additionally, promising interventions such as Sumadhur should be scaled up and reassessed.

Societal norms are among the key influencers that shape the decisions that people make about their desired family size and the methods they will apply to achieve it. To support women in Nepal, where norms are often layered upon the expectation that women will prove their fertility soon after marriage, a bi-national research team developed and piloted a 4-month intervention, Sumadhur, engaging newly married women, their husbands, and mothers-in-law. This study evaluated the impact the Sumadhur had on norms, knowledge, and intent related to family planning. From pre- and post-questionnaires, we found norms significantly shifted and knowledge significantly improved among all participant groups as a result of participating in Sumadhur. From interviews following the intervention, we found that family dynamics and gender equity also improved despite lingering challenges including unchanged norms about the expected timing of a couple's first child. Our results confirmed that it is critical to engage influential community and family members in improving norms and supporting women to make decisions about their reproduction. Additionally, promising interventions like Sumadhur should be scaled up and re-evaluated.

Using machine learning to understand determinants of IUD use in India: Analyses of the National Family Health Surveys (NFHS-4).

Intra-uterine devices (IUDs) are a safe and effective method to delay or space pregnancies and are available for free or at low cost in the Indian public health system; yet, IUD uptake in India remains low. Limited quantitative research using national data has explored factors that may affect IUD use. Machine Learning (ML) techniques allow us to explore determinants of low prevalence behaviors in survey research, such as IUD use. We applied ML to explore the determinants of IUD use in India among married women in the 4th National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4; N = 499,627), which collects data on demographic and health indicators among women of childbearing age. We conducted ML logistic regression (lasso and ridge) and neural network approaches to assess significant determinants and used iterative thematic analysis (ITA) to offer insight into related variable constructs generated from a series of regularized models. We found that couples' shared family planning (FP) goals were the strongest determinants of IUD use, followed by receipt of FP services and desire for no more children, higher wealth and education, and receipt of maternal and child health services. Findings highlight the importance of male engagement and family planning services for IUD uptake and the need for more targeted efforts to support awareness of IUD as an option for spacing, especially for those of lower SES and with lower access to care.

Expectant parents' emotions evoked by pregnancy: A longitudinal dyadic analysis of couples in the Swedish Pregnancy Panel.

RATIONALE: Holistic antenatal care requires knowledge of individuals' emotional response to pregnancy. Little is known about how a pregnant woman and her partner influence each other emotionally during a pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: This study examines six discrete emotions that expectant couples experience during pregnancy, how these emotions change mid-to late-pregnancy, and whether the partners' emotional responses influence each other. METHODS: A longitudinal dyadic study where pregnant women and their partners (1432 couples) rated the extent to which the pregnancy evoked joy, strength, security, worry, shame, and anger at pregnancy week 12-19, 22-24, and 36. Latent curve models with structured residuals identify levels of and change in these emotions over time, while accounting for between- and within-couple variance. RESULTS: Pregnancy evoked mainly joy, strength, security, and worry, and lower levels of anger and shame. Pregnant women and partners felt similar levels of joy, strength, and security, but pregnant women felt more worry, shame, and anger. There was little to no mean-level change in all six measured emotions evoked by pregnancy (between-couple change), and no reciprocal effects between the partners (within-couple change). CONCLUSIONS: Emotions in mid-pregnancy were also felt in late pregnancy. Furthermore, the pregnant woman and her partner have individual emotional trajectories. The results can assist healthcare professionals and researchers target interventions to expectant mothers and partners, specifically by understanding emotional response to pregnancy as a stable confound and by not approaching the couple as one emotional unit.

Autonomy-connection tensions, stress, and attachment: The case of COVID-19.

The COVID pandemic, and actions taken by governments worldwide to deal with it, have placed stress on couple relationships. Reports from many countries have documented substantial increases in relationship difficulties, conflict, and violence. We propose that issues concerning autonomy and connection are central to these problems, particularly as couples face changing situations with regard to lockdowns, social distancing, and border closures. We further propose that a fruitful approach to understanding these difficulties comes from integrating attachment theory with key concepts of stress and coping theories. Based on these principles and concepts, emotionally focused couples therapy (EFT) offers guidelines to help couples navigate the multiple stressors associated with the pandemic.

Dietary preferences in the context of intra-couple dynamics: Relationship types within the German NutriAct family cohort.

To promote healthy diets in older age, a comprehensive understanding of factors influencing dietary behaviour and underlying preferences is essential. Romantic relationships are focal socialisation contexts, in which diet-related preferences and practices are dynamically negotiated. Our aim was to reconstruct intra-couple dynamics shaping dietary preferences and comparatively analyse relationship types among older couples. Data basis was the NutriAct Family Study - a German web-based cohort. Analyses were based on three a priori defined relationship types: 1) both partners' mutual adaptation of dietary preferences (symmetrical convergence), 2) unilateral adaptation (asymmetrical convergence) and 3) persistence of individual preferences. Relationship types were, among others, comparatively analysed using ANOVAs. Intra-couple dynamics within the asymmetrical convergence type were measured by multivariate logistic regression. The dyadic sample consisted of 398 couples resp. N = 796 individuals aged 63.99 years (SD = 6.15). All three relationship types were identified (symmetrical convergence: n = 62, 15.6 %; asymmetrical convergence: n = 199, 50.0 %; persistence: n = 137, 34.4 %). Within the asymmetrical convergence type, women were more likely to take a dominating role compared to their male partners (OR: 24.40; 95%CI: 14.37-41.41). This study demonstrates the fundamental influence of intra-couple dynamics on individual dietary preferences, whereby traditional gender roles have shown to play a central moderating role. Our study findings are relevant for the development and implementation of public health (nutrition) strategies, since they highlight the importance of understanding dietary preferences as jointly constructed and shaped in the intra-couple context, rather than as isolated, individually developed ones. In this context, future research directions and practical implications targeting not only individuals but involving couples are discussed.

Infidelidade na perspectiva de homens e mulheres / Infidelity from the perspective of men and women

O presente estudo investigou as concepções de infidelidade de homens e mulheres que estão em um relacionamento monogâmico e as possíveis motivações para o comportamento afetivo-sexual extra diádico. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva com 275 participantes, 211 mulheres e 65 homens, com idades entre 18 e 65 anos, residentes de 16 estados brasileiros. A coleta ocorreu via internet por meio do preenchimento de dois questionários. As concepções de infidelidade referiram-se à quebra de contrato/confiança e envolvimento afetivo/sexual. Foram comportamentos considerados infidelidade ter relações sexuais, beijar, flertar e envolver-se virtualmente. A motivação envolveu insatisfação conjugal/sexual, insegurança, medo, carência, entre outros motivos. Os resultados corroboram a literatura e sugerem a necessidade de atentar para transições e dinamismo nas relações afetivo-sexuais.

The aim of this study was to investigate conceptions of infidelity for individuals who are in a monogamous relationship and the motivations for extra-dyadic affective-sexual behavior. This is a descriptive quantitative research with 275 people, 211 women and 65 men, aged 18-65 years, from 16 Brazilian states participated. The collected by internet through two questionnaires. The conception of infidelity involves break of contract/trust and affective and sexual involvement. The behaviors considered infidelity were having sex, kissing, flirting or virtual relating. The motivation involved marital/sexual dissatisfaction, insecurity, fear, lack, among other reasons. The results corroborate the literature and suggest the need to attention to the process of transition and dynamism in affective-sexual relationships.

Mothers' and fathers' attachment and caregiving representations during transition to parenthood: an actor-partner approach.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of one's attachment representations on one's and the partner's caregiving representations. BACKGROUND: According to attachment theory, individual differences in parenting and caregiving behaviours may be a function of parents' caregiving representations of the self as caregiver, and of others as worthy of care, which are rooted on parents' attachment representations. Furthermore, the care-seeking and caregiving interactions that occur within the couple relationship may also shape individuals' caregiving representations. METHODS: The sample comprised 286 cohabiting couples who were assessed during pregnancy (attachment representations) and one month post-birth (caregiving representations). Path analyses were used to examine effects among variables. RESULTS: Results showed that for mothers and fathers, their own more insecure attachment representations predicted their less positive caregiving representations of the self as caregiver and of others as worthy of help and more self-focused motivations for caregiving. Moreover, fathers' attachment representations were found to predict mothers' caregiving representations of themselves as caregivers. CONCLUSIONS: Secure attachment representations of both members of the couple seem to be an inner resource promoting parents' positive representations of caregiving, and should be assessed and fostered during the transition to parenthood in both members of the couple.

Permanências e Descontinuidades nas Concepções Contemporâneas de Casamento na Perspectiva de Casais Longevos / Continuities and Discontinuities in Contemporary Conceptions of Marriage from the Perspective of Long-Term Couples

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender os movimentos de permanências e descontinuidades nas concepções contemporâneas de casamento, a partir da perspectiva de casais longevos, ou seja, unidos há mais de 30 anos. Foram entrevistados sete casais com média de idade de 68,9 anos e unidos há 45,7 anos, em média. Aplicou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada em cada casal (díade). Os resultados mostraram que o respeito à liberdade de se casar e divorciar parece ser a inovação que mais repercutiu nos casais entrevistados. Os participantes tiveram que reestruturar suas concepções sobre o casamento para poderem lidar com as novas possibilidades que emergem na atualidade. As mudanças percebidas se referem mais aos comportamentos dos cônjuges na contemporaneidade e não à estrutura da instituição casamento, vista como estável e confiável.

Abstract This study aimed to understand the movements of continuities and discontinuities in contemporary conceptions of marriage from the perspective of couples in long term marriages, that is, those that last longer than 30 years. Seven couples (mean age = 68.9 years) who were married for 45.7 years on average. Semi-structured interviews with each couple were carried out (dyad). The results showed that respect for freedom to marry and divorce seems to be the innovation that most affected the interviewed couples. Participants had to restructure their marriage conceptions in order to deal with the new possibilities that emerge nowadays. Perceived changes are associated with the behavior of couples in contemporary days and not to the structure of marriage as institution, seen as stable and reliable.

Intimate Partner Violence: A Stochastic Model.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been a well-studied problem in the past psychological literature, especially through its classical methodology such as qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods. This article introduces two basic stochastic models as an alternative approach to simulate the short and long-term dynamics of a couple at risk of IPV. In both models, the members of the couple may assume a finite number of states, updating them in a probabilistic way at discrete time steps. After defining the transition probabilities, we first analyze the evolution of the couple in isolation and then we consider the case in which the individuals modify their behavior depending on the perceived violence from other couples in their environment or based on the perceived informal social support. While high perceived violence in other couples may converge toward the own presence of IPV by means a gender-specific transmission, the gender differences fade-out in the case of received informal social support. Despite the simplicity of the two stochastic models, they generate results which compare well with past experimental studies about IPV and they give important practical implications for prevention intervention in this field.

Interrupção e Retomada da Vida Sexual após o Câncer de Mama / Interruption and Re-Start of Sex Life after Breast Cancer

RESUMO Investigou-se a interrupção/retomada da vida sexual após o tratamento do câncer de mama e sua relação com a satisfação e outros aspectos valorizados em um relacionamento. Foram empregados métodos mistos de pesquisa com a análise dos dados de uma survey realizada com 139 mulheres e dados provenientes de entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado realizadas com 24 participantes. Um percentual expressivo de mulheres (66%) sexualmente ativas interrompeu as atividades sexuais durante o tratamento. Observou-se que a interrupção e retomada da vida sexual relacionou-se às concepções pessoais de sexualidade, influenciadas pelas relações de gênero e pela qualidade do relacionamento amoroso. A identificação de necessidades relacionadas à intimidade sexual pelo profissional de saúde pode contribuir para a assistência apropriada no processo de reabilitação psicossocial da mulher.

ABSTRACT Interruption and the re-start of sex life after breast cancer treatment as well as satisfaction and other valued aspects of the relationship were investigated. Mixed methods of data analysis were used including the results of a survey with 139 women and qualitative data of 24 interviews using a semi-structured guideline. An expressive proportion of women (66%) sexually active interrupted their sexual activities during the treatment. The results indicated that interruption and re-start of sex life is related to personal conceptions of sexuality, and is influenced by the concept of gender and the quality of the relationship. The identification of needs related to the sexual intimacy by health professional can contribute to appropriate care of women in their process of psychosocial rehabilitation.

A relação conjugal diante da infidelidade: a perspectiva do homem infiel / The marital relationship the face of infidelity: from the perspective of unfaithful men

A infidelidade está presente em parte significativa dos relacionamentos amorosos e sempre causa algum impacto aos envolvidos. É considerada responsabilidade do traidor e o fim do relacionamento pelo seu caráter negativo e transgressor. Por isso, o objetivo desta investigação é compreender a percepção e os sentimentos que homens infiéis têm de sua relação oficial e as motivações para a traição. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com delineamento descritivo. Participaram do estudo cinco homens heterossexuais que estiveram em união estável e foram infiéis durante este relacionamento. Utilizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada para coletar os dados que foram submetidos posteriormente ao método de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que a infidelidade envolve questões individuais, como personalidade, crenças e transgeracionalidade e, conjugais, como os padrões de interação. Ela não encerra aquilo de que é porta-voz na relação, pois sua complexidade exige uma revisão do passado e do presente conjugal.(AU)

Infidelity is present in significant part of love relationships, and it always causes some sort of impact on the people involved. The person who cheats is considered responsible for the end of the relationship, because of the negative and transgressor feature of the act. Therefore, the objective of this investigation is to comprehend unfaithful men’s perceptions and feelings concerning their official relationships, and possible motivations for cheating. It is a qualitative research with a descriptive study design. The participants were five heterosexual men who had stable relationships during which they had been unfaithful. Data collection used a semi-structured interview, posteriorly submitted to content analysis method. Results indicate that infidelity involves individual issues, such as personality, beliefs, and transgenerationality, as well as conjugal issues, such as interaction patterns. Infidelity does not put an end to what it unravels from the relationship, since its complexity demands a review of the conjugal past and present.(AU)

A relação conjugal diante da infidelidade: a perspectiva do homem infiel / The marital relationship the face of infidelity: from the perspective of unfaithful men

A infidelidade está presente em parte significativa dos relacionamentos amorosos e sempre causa algum impacto aos envolvidos. É considerada responsabilidade do traidor e o fim do relacionamento pelo seu caráter negativo e transgressor. Por isso, o objetivo desta investigação é compreender a percepção e os sentimentos que homens infiéis têm de sua relação oficial e as motivações para a traição. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com delineamento descritivo. Participaram do estudo cinco homens heterossexuais que estiveram em união estável e foram infiéis durante este relacionamento. Utilizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada para coletar os dados que foram submetidos posteriormente ao método de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que a infidelidade envolve questões individuais, como personalidade, crenças e transgeracionalidade e, conjugais, como os padrões de interação. Ela não encerra aquilo de que é porta-voz na relação, pois sua complexidade exige uma revisão do passado e do presente conjugal...

Infidelity is present in significant part of love relationships, and it always causes some sort of impact on the people involved. The person who cheats is considered responsible for the end of the relationship, because of the negative and transgressor feature of the act. Therefore, the objective of this investigation is to comprehend unfaithful men’s perceptions and feelings concerning their official relationships, and possible motivations for cheating. It is a qualitative research with a descriptive study design. The participants were five heterosexual men who had stable relationships during which they had been unfaithful. Data collection used a semi-structured interview, posteriorly submitted to content analysis method. Results indicate that infidelity involves individual issues, such as personality, beliefs, and transgenerationality, as well as conjugal issues, such as interaction patterns. Infidelity does not put an end to what it unravels from the relationship, since its complexity demands a review of the conjugal past and present...

Uma breve história das tentativas para medir atributos dos relacionamentos amorosos em língua portuguesa / A brief history of the attempts to measure love relationships attributes in Portuguese / Una breve historia de los intentos de medir los atributos de las relaciones románticas en portugués

Este artigo teve como objetivo fazer um levantamento dos instrumentos existentes para avaliar construtos relacionados a relacionamentos românticos disponíveis em língua portuguesa. Os instrumentos foram pesquisados por meio de bases de dados e contatos pessoais dos autores. São relatados usos e propriedades psicométricas de 17 instrumentos de medida de construtos como satisfação e atitudes com o relacionamento, amor, estilos de amar, ciúme romântico, dentre outros. Conclui-se que muitos dos principais instrumentos utilizados internacionalmente possuem ao menos um estudo em língua portuguesa, relatando boa validade e precisão. O próximo caminho para a pesquisa na área deve ser a confecção de manuais que permitam o uso aplicado dessas medidas.(AU)

This article aims to survey existing instruments to assess constructs related to romantic relationships available in Portuguese. The instruments were searched through databases and personal contacts of the authors. Psychometric properties and uses of 17 instruments for measuring constructs such as attitudes and satisfaction with the relationship, love, love styles, romantic jealousy, and others are reported. It's conclude that many of the key instruments internationally used have at least one study in Portuguese, reporting good validity and reliability. The next way to the area's research should be the creation of manuals that allow the applied use of these measures.(AU)

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar los instrumentos existentes para evaluar los constructos relacionados con las relaciones amorosas románticas disponibles en portugués. Los instrumentos fueron estudiados por medio de bases de datos y los contactos personales de los autores. Son relatados usos y propiedades psicométricas de 17 instrumentos para medir constructos como: las actitudes y la satisfacción en relacionamientos, amor, estilos de amor , celos románticos, entre otros. Se concluye que muchos de los principales instrumentos utilizados en el contexto internacional tienen por lo menos un estudio en portugués, reportando una buena validez y fiabilidad. El próximo paso en la investigación en este campo debe ser los manuales que permitan el uso de estas medidas aplicadas.(AU)

Uma breve história das tentativas para medir atributos dos relacionamentos amorosos em língua portuguesa / A brief history of the attempts to measure love relationships attributes in Portuguese / Una breve historia de los intentos de medir los atributos de las relaciones románticas en portugués

Este artigo teve como objetivo fazer um levantamento dos instrumentos existentes para avaliar construtos relacionados a relacionamentos românticos disponíveis em língua portuguesa. Os instrumentos foram pesquisados por meio de bases de dados e contatos pessoais dos autores. São relatados usos e propriedades psicométricas de 17 instrumentos de medida de construtos como satisfação e atitudes com o relacionamento, amor, estilos de amar, ciúme romântico, dentre outros. Conclui-se que muitos dos principais instrumentos utilizados internacionalmente possuem ao menos um estudo em língua portuguesa, relatando boa validade e precisão. O próximo caminho para a pesquisa na área deve ser a confecção de manuais que permitam o uso aplicado dessas medidas...

This article aims to survey existing instruments to assess constructs related to romantic relationships available in Portuguese. The instruments were searched through databases and personal contacts of the authors. Psychometric properties and uses of 17 instruments for measuring constructs such as attitudes and satisfaction with the relationship, love, love styles, romantic jealousy, and others are reported. It's conclude that many of the key instruments internationally used have at least one study in Portuguese, reporting good validity and reliability. The next way to the area's research should be the creation of manuals that allow the applied use of these measures...

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar los instrumentos existentes para evaluar los constructos relacionados con las relaciones amorosas románticas disponibles en portugués. Los instrumentos fueron estudiados por medio de bases de datos y los contactos personales de los autores. Son relatados usos y propiedades psicométricas de 17 instrumentos para medir constructos como: las actitudes y la satisfacción en relacionamientos, amor, estilos de amor , celos románticos, entre otros. Se concluye que muchos de los principales instrumentos utilizados en el contexto internacional tienen por lo menos un estudio en portugués, reportando una buena validez y fiabilidad. El próximo paso en la investigación en este campo debe ser los manuales que permitan el uso de estas medidas aplicadas...